First isolation of dioctophyme renale eggs from an urban. Giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in a dog blogger. Dioctophyme renale is a nematode parasite of dogs, usually found in the right kidney, causing severe damage to the renal parenchyma objectives. Dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 is a nematode belonging to the order enoplida, family dioctophymatidae, also known as giant kidney worm, which may reach 14 to 100 cm length and 0. Adult females are sufficiently larger than their male counterparts. It is circumglobally distributed, mainly in dogs, and is increasingly regarded as a threat to other domestic animals and humans. From this stage on, there are three routes of transmission.
Dioctophyme renale is within the scope of wikiproject animals, an attempt to better organize information in articles related to animals and zoology. Dioctophyme renale nematoda, dioctophymatidae infection in. Symptoms of this disease in the human include renal dysfunction, blood in the urine and kidney spasms. Morphology of eggs of dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782. Eating raw or undercooked fish, frogs or crawfish livers can cause the disease. The presence of the worms in the kidney results in the destruction of the functional tissue of the organ.
The present report describes the clinical observations of a d. Dioctophyme renale definition of dioctophyme renale by. The topic dioctophyme renale infection you are seeking is a synonym, or alternative name, or is closely related to the medical condition dioctophymiasis. This is to ensure that we give you the best experience possible. A case report of dioctophyma renale in the peritoneal. Dioctophymatidae commonly known as the giant kidney worm, is the largest known nematode, and can have sizes up to 100 cm in length by 1. Dioctophyma renale definition of dioctophyma renale by. The worm is red and cylindrical, and adult females measure 20100 cm long and 412 mm in diameter. The purpose of this study is to report the first case of parasitism by the giant kidney worm, dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782, in the crabeating fox, cerdocyon thous linnaeus, 1766, in. Dioctophyme species dioctophyme renale name synonyms ascaris renale goeze, 1782 dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 homonyms dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 common names nierenriesenpalisadenwurm in german nierenwurm in german. Here, we report for the first time, the parasitism of a domestic dog by d. It has a worldwide distribution, but its incidence is unknown. Dioctophymiasis is the result of an infection by dioctophyme renale, a rare, large parasitic roundworm commonly found infecting the kidney tissue of carnivorous animals, such as. Fatal bilateral dioctophymatosis journal of parasitology.
This parasite has a wide distribution and is also known as the giant kidney worm due to the gigantic dimensions of the adults. From developing new therapies that treat and prevent disease to helping people in need, we are committed to improving health and wellbeing around the world. The animal diversity web is an educational resource written largely by and for college students. Carlos torres ribeiro, guilherme gomes verocai, and luiz eduardo roland tavares 2009 dioctophyme renale nematoda, dioctophymatidae infection in the crabeating fox cerdocyon thous from brazil. Its clinical signs and diagnostic findings were unspecific until giant worms were observed in the urine and histological findings confirmed it was a d. The existence of giant kidney worm amongst carnivores in the caspian sea littoral has been previously observed during the surveys carried out in the country. Dioctophyme renale wikipedias dioctophyme renale as. C this article has been rated as cclass on the projects quality scale. Dioctophyme renale wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This study reports a case of parasitism by the giant kidney worm, dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782, in the abdominal cavity of a domestic cat from brazil. Dioctophyme renale aka giant kidney worms are one of the largest parasitic roundworms and are found worldwide. Also known as giant kidney worms, they are one of the largest nematodes capable of infecting humansadult females grow to be over 100 cm long they.
Roundwormdioctophyma renale causes dioctophymiasis. Media in category dioctophyme renale the following 8 files are in this category, out of 8 total. During a long term of road survey for detection of the zoonotic helminthes in carnivores, a male vulpes vulpes was naturally found infected by dioctophyme renale in caspian sea littoral in iran. Dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 infection in a domestic. Text is available under the creative commons attributionsharealike license.
Dioctophyma renale is a parasite that frequently occurs in animals but rarely in humans. Morphologically and genetically diagnosed dermal dioctophyme. Hence, strict species identification of the causative agent was withheld in the previous case reports, only referring to as dioctophyme like,dioctophymatid, or dioctophyme sp. Dioctophyme renale, commonly referred to as the giant kidney worm is a parasitic roundworm whose mature form is found in the kidneys of mammals. Dioctophymatidae, commonly known as the giant kidney worm. The last one minute of the film is enormously gratifying after watching the previous part. The aim here was to register the number of cases of dogs and cats diagnosed with dioctophymosis by necropsy 1981 to 2014 and ultrasound examination 2010 to 2015 in pelotasrs. There is little information on the parasites true incidence, or immune. The aptly named dioctophyma renale reaches maturity in the hosts kidneys.
Almost two centuries later, in 1782, johann goeze first described d. Individuals with dioctophyme renale infection typically present with unspecific symptoms including hematuria blood in urine, nephritis, loin pain, renal enlargement, andor renal colic intermittent pain in the kidney area, which may result from the en. Extrarenal lesion caused by dioctophyma renale eggs in an. Giant kidney worm infection in mink and dogs urinary system. Dioctophyme renale nematoda, dioctophymatidae infection in the crabeating fox cerdocyon thous from brazil ct ribeiro, gg verocai, ler tavares journal of wildlife diseases 45 1, 248250, 2009. Human infestation is rare, but results in kidney destruction, usually of one kidney and hence not. Dioctophyma medical definition merriamwebster medical. Sometimes the kidney has been devastated by the worm and it also needs to be removed. Dioctophyma renale is the giant kidney worm, the largest of parasitic nematodes. Essentially the worm grows in the kidney and then due to the irritation the worm is causing, the kidney is destroyed by fibrosis. Development of the giant kidney worm, dioctophyma renale.
Mar 07, 2018 dioctophymiasis is the result of an infection by dioctophyme renale, a rare, large parasitic roundworm commonly found infecting the kidney tissue of carnivorous animals, such as minks and other wild mammals, and domesticated dogs. It develops in, and completely destroys mammalian kidneys, and is thereby a debilitating and potentially lethal parasite of humans, domestic animals and. Dioctophyme renale is a rare and giant worm that can live in the kidney of a dog, cat, fox, human, pig or any predator but most commonly affects the mink. Dioctophyma renale information including symptoms, causes, diseases, symptoms, treatments, and other medical and health issues. The objective was to evaluate the acute phase response in dogs naturally infected with this giant kidney worm and the possible effects of nephrectomy on circulating concentrations of select acute phase proteins app such as serum amyloid. Dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782, is a parasitic nematode that belongs to the order of ascaridida and the family of dioctophymatidae bowman, 2014. Dioctophyma renale was found in the right kidney of 48% of mink mustela vison trapped in late fall and winter in the black river area of ontario. Hepatic and phrenic serositis associated to numerous eggs of the parasite. It affects fish eating mammals, particularly mink 1 and dogs 4. Dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 in a cat with a supernumerary kidney. Ova of dioctophyme renale in a canine struvite urolith.
Eggs embryonated at temperatures from 14 c to 30 c. Dioctophymosis is a cosmopolitan food borne zoonotic helminthiasis caused by the nematode dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 enoplida. Acute phase proteins in dogs naturally infected with the. Pdf dioctophyme renale in vulpes vulpes from the caspian.
Introduction dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 enoplida. This study reports a case of parasitism by the dioctophyma renale in the peritoneal cavity with both sexes of worms in a stray dog from east azerbaijan, iran. Jul 18, 2015 dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 is a member of dioctophymatidae, due to which size, known as the giant kidney worm. Giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in dogs symptoms. As their name implies, kidney worms usually occur in the kidneys and more frequently in the right organ than in the left. Dioctophyme renale a food borne helminthic infection can be acquired by humans with consumption of aquatic parasitized edible items occasionally worldwide. Maned wolves chrysocyon brachyurus contract giant kidney worms dioctophyma renale as pups, and these parasites always infect the right kidney, leading to severe damage or destruction of the organ 17. Actually the worm is packed so tight in there that each of those circles is actually a different cross section of the worm. This page was last edited on 25 january 2019, at 05. Dioctophyme renale is commonly referred to as giant kidney worm 1 because it is the largest helminth 2 to parasitize humans 3 and has the propensity to affect the kidneys. Combine searches by placing the search numbers in the top search box and pressing the search button.
The worm is red and cylindrical, and adult females measure 20100 cm long and 412 mm in. Human infestation is rare, but results in destruction of the kidneys. A male adult stray dog was taken to the department of animal pathology, faculty of veterinary. Mid this article has been rated as midimportance on the projects importance scale. In this study, different intensities of fibrosis were observed. Dioctophyme renale is indeed a giant over a yard long worm that can live in the kidney of a dog, cat, fox, human, pig or any predator but most commonly it is found in the mink. Treatment of giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in dogs. Hystrichis are generally much larger than dioctophyme 1. The only known treatment of dioctophyme renale is the surgical removal of the worm from the abdominal cavity. Dioctophyma renale goeze, 1782 infection in a domestic dog. In fresh water or humid soil, the larva 1 is developed and hatched, if this egg is swallowed by the intermediate host oligochaetes. Sep 27, 2017 the giant kidney worm, dioctophyme renale, is a debilitating and potentially lethal parasite that inhabits and destroys, typically hosts right kidney, and may also be found in ectopic sites. Dioctophyma renale infection is found in a wide range of mammalian species, typically in temperate areas of the world.
Dioctophyme renale almost always resides in the right kidney. Eggs hatched in the intestine of the aquatic oligochaete lumbriculus variegatus, and firststage larvae migrated to the ventral blood vessel where development took place. Giant kidney worm dioctophyme renale in a dog a case from 2006, nicely filmed and documented, and well worth watching for those who dont mind viewing internal anatomy and some enormous parasites. In some areas, up to fiftypercent of certain species of fish may be infected with dioctophyme renale, making proper cooking of seafood a must 5. Dioctophyme renale is a zoonotic nematode that parasites the kidneys of wild and domestic carnivores, and it has been reported frequently in brazil. Dioctophyme renale in vulpes vulpes from the caspian sea. It develops in, and completely destroys mammalian kidneys, and is thereby a debilitating and potentially lethal parasite of humans, domestic animals and endangered wildlife. Dioctophyma renale giant kidney worm, is an uncommon parasitic roundworm that may affect both humans and other mammals. The general life cycle of this parasite was known, but further lifecycle information was discovered in the mid to latter part of the 20 th century. Dioctophyme renale an overview sciencedirect topics. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext.
Pdf dioctophyme renale goeze, 1782 in a cat with a. Dioctophyme renale is commonly referred to as giant kidney worm because it is the largest helminth to parasitize humans and has the propensity to affect the kidneys. The kidney worm is bloodred in color and is one of the largest of the parasitic roundworms. Microscopic wetmount examination figure 4 of urine showed multiple eggs characteristic of that parasite. It affects fish eating mammals, particularly mink and dogs. The family dioctophymidae has only one genus dioctophyme, and the name of the genus was in contention with the possibility of being dioctophyma for two hundred years. Dioctophyme renale feeds through digestion and ingestion of the renal parenchyma by the action of parasites oesophageal enzymes causing progressive destruction of the cortical and medullar layers and consequently the proliferation of fibrous tissue. In 2009, the first case of domestic cat dioctophymosis in brazil was confirmed.
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